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	<title>Comments on: Bread, Peace, and the 2008 Election</title>
	<atom:link href="http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/</link>
	<description>Lane Kenworthy</description>
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		<title>By: Carbon Logic &#183; The Fuzzy Math, and Logic, of Election Prediction Models</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-2887</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Carbon Logic &#183; The Fuzzy Math, and Logic, of Election Prediction Models]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Nov 2011 21:15:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-2887</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] identical claims to accuracy using (sometimes entirely) different variables. You have, for example, Douglas Hibbs’ “Bread and Peace” model, which makes similar claims using weighted real disposable income per [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] identical claims to accuracy using (sometimes entirely) different variables. You have, for example, Douglas Hibbs’ “Bread and Peace” model, which makes similar claims using weighted real disposable income per [...]</p>
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		<title>By: On the Identification of Parameters &#171; Epanechnikov&#039;s Blog</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-2451</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[On the Identification of Parameters &#171; Epanechnikov&#039;s Blog]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Jul 2011 18:21:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-2451</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] Or again, there are presumably mechanisms which lead to period effects, as in Hibbs&#8217;s&#8220;Bread and Peace&#8221; election model. (Even if that model is wrong, it illustrates the kind of way a more elaborate theory can bring [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Or again, there are presumably mechanisms which lead to period effects, as in Hibbs&#8217;s&#8220;Bread and Peace&#8221; election model. (Even if that model is wrong, it illustrates the kind of way a more elaborate theory can bring [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Elections, Campaigns, and Fundamentals &#171; Consider the Evidence</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-790</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Elections, Campaigns, and Fundamentals &#171; Consider the Evidence]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2008 16:50:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-790</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] on a single indicator of economic performance, supplemented by one foreign policy measure (see here) &#8212; and its effectiveness. The model&#8217;s track record since 1952 and its prediction for [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] on a single indicator of economic performance, supplemented by one foreign policy measure (see here) &#8212; and its effectiveness. The model&#8217;s track record since 1952 and its prediction for [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Iraq War</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-573</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Iraq War]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Jul 2008 15:24:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-573</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[What&#039;s past is prologue.WilliamShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare, The Tempest, II, i]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What&#8217;s past is prologue.WilliamShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare, The Tempest, II, i</p>
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		<title>By: TruthIsAll</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-448</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[TruthIsAll]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Jun 2008 14:33:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-448</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[http://www.geocities.com/electionmodel/2008ElectionModel.htm

The Election Model utilizes the latest state and national polls to determine the winner of the True Vote.
Of course, it assumes that the election is held on the date of the most recent polling update. 

In projecting the True vote, the implicit assumption is that the election will be fraud-free.
But the recorded vote is never equal to the True Vote. 
The evidence is overwhelming: millions of mostly Democratic votes are uncounted in every election.

Therefore, the Election Model cannot accurately project the official, recorded vote.
If it did, then the polling data was wrong and/or the projection assumptions were invalid.

In 2000, 110.8 million votes were cast, but only 105.4 million recorded,
In 2000, 125.7 million votes were cast, but only 122.3 million recorded.
Why should 2008 be any different?
It is a certainty that millions of votes will be uncounted.
It is also a certainty that more than one million Democratic voters will be disenfranchised.

Can we expect that DRE touch screens, without a verifiable vote count, will not be rigged? 
Can we expect that central vote tabulating software will not be tampered with? 

Obama’s True Vote (T) will be reduced by uncounted (U), switched votes (S).
The recorded vote formula is: R = T - U - S  (not including the disenfranchised)
The bottom line is that Obama will need a landslide to overcome the multiple levels of fraud. 

The Election Model does not use historic econometric time-series data. 
Interest rates, employment rates, commodity prices, consumer confidence are important factors.
But don’t expect political pundits to quantify the fraud factor in their regression models.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.geocities.com/electionmodel/2008ElectionModel.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.geocities.com/electionmodel/2008ElectionModel.htm</a></p>
<p>The Election Model utilizes the latest state and national polls to determine the winner of the True Vote.<br />
Of course, it assumes that the election is held on the date of the most recent polling update. </p>
<p>In projecting the True vote, the implicit assumption is that the election will be fraud-free.<br />
But the recorded vote is never equal to the True Vote.<br />
The evidence is overwhelming: millions of mostly Democratic votes are uncounted in every election.</p>
<p>Therefore, the Election Model cannot accurately project the official, recorded vote.<br />
If it did, then the polling data was wrong and/or the projection assumptions were invalid.</p>
<p>In 2000, 110.8 million votes were cast, but only 105.4 million recorded,<br />
In 2000, 125.7 million votes were cast, but only 122.3 million recorded.<br />
Why should 2008 be any different?<br />
It is a certainty that millions of votes will be uncounted.<br />
It is also a certainty that more than one million Democratic voters will be disenfranchised.</p>
<p>Can we expect that DRE touch screens, without a verifiable vote count, will not be rigged?<br />
Can we expect that central vote tabulating software will not be tampered with? </p>
<p>Obama’s True Vote (T) will be reduced by uncounted (U), switched votes (S).<br />
The recorded vote formula is: R = T &#8211; U &#8211; S  (not including the disenfranchised)<br />
The bottom line is that Obama will need a landslide to overcome the multiple levels of fraud. </p>
<p>The Election Model does not use historic econometric time-series data.<br />
Interest rates, employment rates, commodity prices, consumer confidence are important factors.<br />
But don’t expect political pundits to quantify the fraud factor in their regression models.</p>
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		<title>By: Douglas Hibbs</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-266</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Douglas Hibbs]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 2008 17:12:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-266</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Evidently I made an error copying the URL. One can get to the Bread and Peace analysis from my web site www.douglas-hibbs.com]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Evidently I made an error copying the URL. One can get to the Bread and Peace analysis from my web site <a href="http://www.douglas-hibbs.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.douglas-hibbs.com</a></p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Douglas Hibbs</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-265</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Douglas Hibbs]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 2008 17:03:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-265</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#039;ve recently posted an analysis of the implications of my Bread and Peace model for the 2008 US presidential election at:

www.douglas-hibbs.com/Election2008/2008 Election.mht

Douglas Hibbs]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve recently posted an analysis of the implications of my Bread and Peace model for the 2008 US presidential election at:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.douglas-hibbs.com/Election2008/2008" rel="nofollow">http://www.douglas-hibbs.com/Election2008/2008</a> Election.mht</p>
<p>Douglas Hibbs</p>
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		<title>By: Looking Toward November, Part II: Forecasting The Election&#8230; &#171; Professors R-Squared</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-152</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Looking Toward November, Part II: Forecasting The Election&#8230; &#171; Professors R-Squared]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Feb 2008 18:29:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-152</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] More details &#8212; including a discussion of whether real per capita income is an ideal measure &#8212; are available at Kenworthy&#8217;s really cool stats blog. [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] More details &#8212; including a discussion of whether real per capita income is an ideal measure &#8212; are available at Kenworthy&#8217;s really cool stats blog. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Chris Hanretty</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-93</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Chris Hanretty]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 14:59:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-93</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Isn&#039;t a more important reason why the Hibbs model is inapplicable to 2008 that no sitting president or vice-president is contesting the election, and therefore can neither claim credit or be attacked for his administration&#039;s record? Having said that, both 1928 and 1920 elections seem to fit the bread and peace model, with the first returning a Republican campaigning on the basis of Coolidge prosperity (Hoover) and the second a Republican campaigning against the late-Wilson recession...]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Isn&#8217;t a more important reason why the Hibbs model is inapplicable to 2008 that no sitting president or vice-president is contesting the election, and therefore can neither claim credit or be attacked for his administration&#8217;s record? Having said that, both 1928 and 1920 elections seem to fit the bread and peace model, with the first returning a Republican campaigning on the basis of Coolidge prosperity (Hoover) and the second a Republican campaigning against the late-Wilson recession&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Lane Kenworthy</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-92</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Lane Kenworthy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 12:40:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-92</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Alex and Tapen:

My chart uses families, whereas the one Alex links to uses households. Households are in principle a better unit to use, but the Census Bureau data for them only begin in 1967, so it&#039;s impossible to see the contrast between the early post-WW2 decades and the period since the mid-1970s. In any event, median household income too has increased far less rapidly than per capita DPI since the mid-70s.

Lane]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Alex and Tapen:</p>
<p>My chart uses families, whereas the one Alex links to uses households. Households are in principle a better unit to use, but the Census Bureau data for them only begin in 1967, so it&#8217;s impossible to see the contrast between the early post-WW2 decades and the period since the mid-1970s. In any event, median household income too has increased far less rapidly than per capita DPI since the mid-70s.</p>
<p>Lane</p>
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		<title>By: alex</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-90</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[alex]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 06:27:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-90</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tapen: 

It can&#039;t just be a matter of scale. The time series for median income on this page is equal to 2 at some point in the early 1970s and also at some point in the early 1990s (as well as at other times). The graph over at wikipedia is strictly larger at any point during the 90s than it ever was during the 70s. 

Perhaps the difference occurs because &quot;household income&quot; is not the same thing as &quot;family income?&quot;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tapen: </p>
<p>It can&#8217;t just be a matter of scale. The time series for median income on this page is equal to 2 at some point in the early 1970s and also at some point in the early 1990s (as well as at other times). The graph over at wikipedia is strictly larger at any point during the 90s than it ever was during the 70s. </p>
<p>Perhaps the difference occurs because &#8220;household income&#8221; is not the same thing as &#8220;family income?&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: It&#8217;s McCain for President! at Jacob Christensen</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-89</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[It&#8217;s McCain for President! at Jacob Christensen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 05:33:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-89</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] electoral compass test, I came out as an Obamaite), but Mark Thoma points us to Lane Kenworthy who applies Douglas Hibbs&#8217; &#8220;bread-and-peace&#8221; model on the 2008 election and suggests that whoever wins the Republican nomination has more than a fair [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] electoral compass test, I came out as an Obamaite), but Mark Thoma points us to Lane Kenworthy who applies Douglas Hibbs&#8217; &#8220;bread-and-peace&#8221; model on the 2008 election and suggests that whoever wins the Republican nomination has more than a fair [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Tapen Sinha</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-88</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tapen Sinha]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 05:13:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-88</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Alex:

It is a matter of scale.
There is no contradiction.

Tapen]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Alex:</p>
<p>It is a matter of scale.<br />
There is no contradiction.</p>
<p>Tapen</p>
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		<title>By: alex</title>
		<link>http://lanekenworthy.net/2008/02/03/bread-peace-and-the-2008-election/#comment-87</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[alex]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 04:52:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://lanekenworthy.net/?p=80#comment-87</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This chart

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Household_income_65_to_05.png

shows real median household income steadily increasing, in contrast to your last image which shows it to be stagnating. What is the source of the disparity?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This chart</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Household_income_65_to_05.png" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Household_income_65_to_05.png</a></p>
<p>shows real median household income steadily increasing, in contrast to your last image which shows it to be stagnating. What is the source of the disparity?</p>
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